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虽然英语中也存在各种语气的句子，感叹句，祈使句等等。

但在GMAT句子改错部分经常出现的只有两种语气，那就是陈述语气和虚拟语气。

陈述语气中主要考察句子结构及平行的这一类考点，而这一类考点广州申友GMAT Sofia老师在前面的文章中已经讲解过了，那么今天Sofai老师就带大家来了解下GMAT句子改错中的虚拟语气，和我们印象中的虚拟语气有什么异同呢？

什么是虚拟语气：表示和已经发生的事情是相反的，或者未来发生的可能性很小。

一、在 GMAT句子改错中，常见的虚拟语气主要是有 if引导的，还有名词性从句的虚拟。

　　If条件状语从句的虚拟形式有 3 种，分别是和过去虚拟、现在虚拟和将来虚拟。

      要注意的是主从句动词形式的变化。

　　过去： If I had done, I would/could have done...

　　现在： If I were a bird, I would/could do...

　　将来： If it were to do, I would/could do...

　　和过去虚拟，表示和过去事实相反，比如

　   If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 

　　和现在虚拟，表示现在不太可能发生的事。

       如 If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. 

       和将来虚拟，表示未来发生可能性很小。

       如 If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America. 

       有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致。

       这是动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。    

       If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.    

       If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 

       PS: if 条件句有倒装结构，若从句中有 had/were/should出现时，把这些词提前，省略 if 形成倒装结构。

　　例：原句：1: If she were younger,she would do it.          

             去if：Were she younger,she would do it.             

             2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him.          

             去if : Had you come earlier,  you would have met him    

例：Affording strategic proximity to the Strait of Gibraltar, Morocco was also of interest to the French throughout the first half of the twentieth century because they assumed that if they did not hold it, their grip on Algeria was always insecure.

(A) if they did not hold it, their grip on Algeria was always insecure

(B) without it their grip on Algeria would never be secure

(C) their grip on Algeria was not ever secure if they did not hold it

(D) without that, they could never be secure about their grip on Algeria

(E) never would their grip on Algeria be secure if they did not hold it

解析：ACE选项if虚拟语气结构错误，D项that指代不明。 

二、名词性从句的虚拟也有 3种，宾语从句、同位语从句和主语从句的虚拟。

1.宾语从句

Advise、suggest、require、request、propose、recommend、command 等表示建议命令要求的动词，后面接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语要用动词原形。

例：We suggested that the meeting be put off.They insisted that the boy go with them. 

注意：在 GMAT句子改错中，宾语从句的谓语动词不能+ should.

例：The report recommended that the hospital should eliminate unneeded beds, expensive services should be consolidated, and use space in other hospitals.A should eliminate unneeded beds, expensive services should be consolidated, and use space in other hospitalsB should eliminate unneeded beds, expensive services should be consolidated, and other hospitals' space be usedC should eliminate unneeded beds, expensive services should be consolidated, and to use space in other hospitalsD eliminate unneeded beds, consolidate expensive services, and other hospitals'space usedE eliminate unneeded beds, consolidate expensive services, and use space in other hospitals解析：ABC选项 recommend 虚拟语气， should要省略。D eliminate，consolidate和other hospitals'space used不平行对等。E 正确。

2.同位语从句

表示建议、命令、要求等动词的名词形式出现时，同位语从句也要用虚拟语气。

从句中谓语用动词原形。

例: The budget for education reflects the administration's demand that the money is

controlled by local school districts, but it can only be spent on teachers, not on books, computers, or other materials or activities.

A the money is controlled by local school districts, but it can only be spent

B the money be controlled by local school districts, but it allows them to spend the

money only

C the money is to be controlled by local school districts, but allowing it only to be

spent

D local school districts are in control of the money, but it allows them to spend the

money only

E local school districts are to be in control of the money, but it can only spend it

解析：demand 后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，is 的动词原形是 be,答案 B.

3.主语从句

表示个人对事件的反应，比如 strange/necessary/important 等。

主语从句中谓语要用动词原形。

例: It is necessary that we make everything ready ahead of time.

例：Since chromosome damage may be used by viral infections，medical X-rays，andexposure to sunlight，it is important that the chromosomes of a population to be tested for chemically induced damage be compared with those of a control population.

A to be tested for chemically induced damage be compared with

B being tested for damage induced chemically are compared with

C being tested for chemically induced damage should be compared to

D being tested for chemically induced damage are to be compared to

E that is to be tested for chemically induced damage are to be comparable with

解析：it is important that....主语从句中虚拟，谓语用动词原形 be,并且 should 必须省略。答案 A.

以上就是广州申友GMAT Sofia 老师给大家分享的关于GMAT 句子改错部分虚拟语气知识点的讲解内容。

GMAT句子改错部分知识点繁多，大家每次看完之后要记得整理总结，这样才能巩固学到的方法，有效提高！

如果有其他想看的内容可以在评论区留言，下一期就是你的主场~

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