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地址:青岛市市南区南京路8号 府都大厦909室【CR削弱题概念】
削弱题,又称weaken题目。通常需要反驳文中的观点,或弱化结论成立的可能性。
标志性词语:weaken、undermine、cast doubt on、weakness、threaten、call into question
【CR削弱题解题思路】
提出其他可能性或破坏逻辑关系,使文章结论无法成立。
【CR削弱题解题技巧】
1)weaken题原文中必须出现结论,因此判断出结论最重要
2)关注结论,几乎所有正确选项都对结论产生影响3)原文信息当中的推理错误要仔细读
4)Weaken题经常需要用到预测选项特征
5)正确选项中经常出现原文没有的新信息
6)weaken题目正确选项从来不会攻击premise(即前提都是默认为真的)(除非该前提是一个sub-conclusion),因此寻找正确答案时,一定要找那个能攻击到推理链的,不要找直接攻击前提的。
【错误答案特征】
1.Weaken变support
2.对结论作改写,使得与原文结论有细微差别
3.无关选项
【GMAT例题】:OG16-P503-4
Editorial: The roof of Northtown’s municipal equipment-storage building collapsed under the weight of last week’s heavy snowfall. The building was constructed recently and met local building-safety codes in every particular, except that the nails used for attaching roof supports to the building’s columns were of a smaller size than the codes specify for this purpose. Clearly, this collapse exemplifies how even a single, apparently insignificant departure from safety standards can have severe consequences.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the editorial’s argument?
(A) The only other buildings to suffer roof collapses from the weight of the snowfall were older buildings constructed according to less exacting standards than those in the codes.
(B) The amount of snow that accumulated on the roof of the equipment storage building was greater than the predicted maximum that was used in drawing up the safety codes.
(C) Because the equipment-storage building was not intended for human occupation, some safety-code provisions that would have applied to an office building did not apply to it.
(D) The municipality of Northtown itself has the responsibility for ensuring that buildings constructed within its boundaries meet the provisions of the building-safety codes.
(E) Because the equipment-storage building was used for storing snow removal equipment, the building was almost completely empty when the roof collapsed.
【申友GMAT解析】:
主编:N建筑的房顶因为上一周大雪坍塌了。这个建筑是近期建造的,符合了当地建筑建造安全标准,除了用的钉子比标准尺寸小。由此可见,这个建筑的坍塌说明了即使是一个很小的,微不足道的不符合安全标准的使用,也会造成严重的后果。
下面哪一个削弱了主编的看法?
A 另外一个由于大雪房顶坍塌的建筑,是根据更低的安全标准建造的,无关选项
B 屋顶的积雪量比建筑建造安全标准预计的积雪量要多很多,所以可能是这个原因导致屋顶坍塌,削弱了主编的观点,正确
C 因为the equipment-storage building不是用来让人居住的,所以有一些办公室建造条款不适用于这个建筑,无关选项
D N市的市民有责任确定房屋建造是不是符合建造安全标准,无关选项
E 当屋顶坍塌的时候,因为the equipment-storage building是用来储备去雪设备的,所以都出去用了,无关选项。
【GMAT例题】:OG16-P511-30
People who do regular volunteer work tend to live longer, on average, than people who do not. It has been found that “doing good,” a category that certainly includes volunteer work, releases endorphins, the brain’s natural opiates, which induce in people a feeling of well-being. Clearly, there is a connection: Regular releases of endorphins must in some way help to extend people’s lives.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the force of the evidence given as support for the hypothesis that endorphins promote longevity?
(A) People who do regular volunteer work are only somewhat more likely than others to characterize the work they do for a living as “doing good.”
(B) Although extremely high levels of endorphins could be harmful to health, such levels are never reached as a result of the natural release of endorphins.
(C) There are many people who have done some volunteer work but who do not do such work regularly.
(D) People tend not to become involved in regular volunteer work unless they are healthy and energetic to begin with.
(E) Releases of endorphins are responsible for the sense of well-being experienced by many long-distance runners while running.
【申友GMAT解析】:
定期做志愿活动的人比起不做的往往可以活的更长久。据发现,“做好事”包括做志愿活动,可以让大脑释放一种E的物质,从而让人们感觉良好。因此证明,E这种物质的定期释放在某种程度上可以让人们活的更久。
下面哪一个可以削弱E让人长寿这种假说?
A 定期做志愿者活动的人只是在某种程度上,比起其他人更容易把志愿活动当成“做好事”,无关选项
B 虽然高浓度的E对健康有害,但自然情况下释放的E绝不会达到有害浓度,无关选项
C 大部分做志愿活动的人不能够定期做,无关选项
D 人们一般不愿意定期的参加志愿活动,除非他们很健康,说明不管他们做不做志愿活动,他们都很健康。那么E物质的释放和长寿这件事情本身没有多大的关系,说不定他们本身也活得很长久。削弱E物质和长寿这两件事情的关系,正确。
E 当长跑运动员跑步时,也会释放E物质使人感觉良好,无关选项
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