Thyrian lawmaker: Thyria's Cheese Importation Board inspects all cheese shipments to Thyria and rejects shipments not meeting specified standards. Yet only 1 percent is ever rejected. Therefore, since the health consequences and associated economic costs of not rejecting that 1 percent are negligible, whereas the board's operating costs are considerable, for economic reasons alone the board should be disbanded.

Consultant: I disagree. The threat of having their shipments rejected deters many cheese exporters from shipping substandard product.

The consultant responds to the lawmaker's argument by

 A

rejecting the lawmaker's argument while proposing that the standards according to which the board inspects imported cheese should be raised

 B

providing evidence that the lawmaker's argument has significantly overestimated the cost of maintaining the board

 C

objecting to the lawmaker's introducing into the discussion factors that are not strictly economic

 D

pointing out a benefit of maintaining the board, which the lawmaker's argument has failed to consider

 E

shifting the discussion from the argument at hand to an attack on the integrity of the cheese inspectors

【申友解析】

正确答案：D

题干：T国立法者说，T国奶酪进口检查委员会检查所有进口T国的奶酪并且拒绝未达标的产品。但是仅有百分之一的产品被认为不合格并被拒绝进口。所以考虑到接受这百分之一产品所带来的健康和经济影响是可以被忽略的，同时维持该委员会的开支非常可观，我们应该取消该委员会。
顾问说，我不同意，被拒绝进口的风险抑制了很多奶酪出口商制造不合格产品。

题目：顾问通过什么方式来驳斥立法者的观点？

分析：逻辑推理方法评估型中立逻辑。很显然，立法者考虑的是各对象间当前的关系和属性而理所当然地认为去掉其中某一对象不会改变其他对象的属性以及关系。而顾问则充分考虑到了有可能带来的其他影响。

选项A, 通过认为该委员会评价标准应该提高来驳斥立法者，现在讨论的问题是是否保留该委员会而不是它的评价标准是否足够严格。错误！

选项B，提出证据表明立法者过高估计了该委员会的开支，顾问论述中完全没有提及，错误！

选项C，认为立法者的论述中提到的因素从经济学角度讲完全不科学。并无任何学术性讨论，错误！

选项D, 考虑到了立法者忽视的保留该委员会的益处。换句话说就是立法者忽视了取消该委员会可能导致的负面属性影响，符合我们的判断，正确！

选项E，把当前论点的辩论转移到了质疑监察人员是否正直这个问题上。无中生有的选项，错误！